Eastern drill models are called threaded drills. These threads started deep and then quickly developed with time and became a combination of both deep and recessed. They are as follows:
Kayseri
The Caesarian method was widespread, in the past, but today it is less manufactured, and it dominates the shafts and the mantles, and these mantles are full and others are empty and are usually, among them are bars confined to circular and oval shapes, and these bars are double, including single and empty, and are used in the work of boxes The old ones that were provided with the bride’s apparatus, and are now used in frames, some lattices, and centre tables (the salon).
Arabi
The wooden artefacts from this thread prove the extent to which this industry was influenced by the Byzantine and Sassanian arts, and this is evident in The wooden fillings that were found in Al-Aqsa Mosque, which include many plant decorations based on acanthus leaves, the thorn of the Jews, the triple plant leaves and grape leaves.
It can be filled with iron, copper and wood, and it has plaited geometric shapes. This thread dates back to the days of the Umayyads when it was found on the doors of the internal Umayyad mosques. In general, all the ancient buildings of Damascus that date back to this date are characterized by this type. And the shapes of these threads, called in Arabic, are geometric, including the pentagon, the hexagon, the hexagon... the shapes of the spider and the bee's nest.
Abbasid
The Hellenistic and Sasanian methods continued, then developed into a new style invented by the Muslims in Iraq, which is known as the "Samarra III Style".
The Abbasid carving is similar to the Ayyubid in terms of the absence of animals, and the wood carving in it is expensive (kef) and is used for all pieces of home furniture. It is the simplicity of construction, beauty of configuration and speed of implementation. Its engravings often take the form of almond and are interspersed with simple plant motifs lined up regularly, longitudinal or circular, depending on the piece of wood. This engraving is suitable for making a complete main piece called the Abbasid filling.
Ayyubid
The same methods that prevailed in the Fatimid era continued, except that the artist increased the number of decorative units executed on the masterpiece, and is characterized by the emergence of the Naskh script with the Kufic script.
However, the Ayyubid works are distinguished from the Fatimids in the absence of images of animals. It is also like the Fatimids of two types, hollow and non-hollow, and its decorations are on vegetal shapes, especially grape leaves, and mother-of-pearl may be used with it in the breach (where the floor of the void is filled with seashells). The Ayyubid excavation in Damascus represented all previous arts.
Fatimid
The artistic style of making and decorating wooden artefacts at the beginning of the Fatimid era represented a transitional stage between the styles that were followed in the Tulunid and Akashidi eras, which were borrowed from the style of Samarra. undulating;
Many modern buildings nowadays have windows decorated with Arab and Fatimid threads, which are of two types, hollow and unhollow, and the latter appears as if the excavation work in it is glued to a wooden floor and is used for frames, wall decorations, salon sets and furniture collections. In the Fatimid colour, there are many shapes, but the eye finds comfort in this multiplicity, which is often a hexagon or a star with Quranic verses in the wooded Kufic script. The Muslim artist excelled in engraving plant branches, tree leaves and human and animal drawings, and this appears in the pillars of Sultan Qalawun.
Noureddine
Artists in the era of Nur al-Din added simple forms such as wooden columns carved in a spiral shape.
Mamluk
The manufacture of wooden antiques developed greatly in the Mamluk era, due to the flourishing of urban activity witnessed during this period, so it was necessary to pay attention to wooden artefacts to complement what the facilities needed such as windows, doors, porches, and drinkers, as well as what mosques needed from chairs, Quran boxes, pulpits, mihrabs and ceilings. Therefore, the carpenters developed The methods of industry and decoration, as well as the development of decorative units, such as the star plate, which reached the height of its prosperity in that era, as well as one of the most famous decorative units “collective fillings” and they excelled in inlaying them with ivory, mother-of-pearl, and zarchan, as well as.